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Find out which tax returns you need to file after someone dies. See state-specific forms, deadlines, and whether tax clearance is required.
At minimum, a final federal income tax return (Form 1040) and a final Minnesota income tax return (Form M1) must be filed for income earned through the date of death.Minn. Stat. §§ 289A.08 subd. 2, 289A.18, 289A.38 subd. 12, 291.03, 270C.63Verified May 31, 2026 If the estate earns income during administration, a federal fiduciary return (Form 1041) and Minnesota fiduciary return (Form M2) may also be required. Estates exceeding $$3,000,000 must also file a Minnesota estate tax return.
The final federal and Minnesota income tax returns are due april 15 following year of death.Minn. Stat. §§ 289A.08 subd. 2, 289A.18, 289A.38 subd. 12, 291.03, 270C.63Verified May 31, 2026 The fiduciary return is due april 15 (calendar year); automatic 6-month extension if tax paid in full by original due date.
Yes. Submit IRS estate tax closing letter (if federal Form 706 was filed) to MN Revenue for estate tax file closure. MN issues Notification of Closed Estate. Lien on MN property under Minn. Stat. § 270C.63 until estate tax paid. File Form M22 with final M1/M2 for early income tax audit.Minn. Stat. §§ 289A.08 subd. 2, 289A.18, 289A.38 subd. 12, 291.03, 270C.63Verified May 31, 2026 Distributing assets without clearance may create personal liability for the executor or trustee.
Yes. Minnesota imposes a state estate tax on estates exceeding $$3,000,000.Minn. Stat. § 291.03, § 291.016Verified May 31, 2026 This is separate from the federal estate tax. Estates above the state threshold must file a state estate tax return even if no federal estate tax is owed. See the full breakdown with the Minnesota death tax calculator.
Yes. Estate size does not affect the requirement to file a final income tax return. A final Form 1040 is required regardless of estate value if the deceased had income. What smaller estates typically avoid is the federal estate tax return (Form 706) and the Minnesota estate tax return (for estates over $$3,000,000).
The executor named in the will (or the court-appointed administrator) is responsible for filing the final income tax return and any estate tax returns. If the deceased was married, the surviving spouse can file a joint federal return for the year of death. For trust assets, the successor trustee handles fiduciary tax returns. The Minnesota executor checklist covers all filing responsibilities in order.
In-depth guides covering Minnesota probate laws, trust requirements, and estate planning strategies.
2 filings required
Tax Clearance Required Before DistributionMinn. Stat. §§ 289A.08 subd. 2, 289A.18, 289A.38 subd. 12, 291.03, 270C.63Verified May 31, 2026
Submit IRS estate tax closing letter (if federal Form 706 was filed) to MN Revenue for estate tax file closure. MN issues Notification of Closed Estate. Lien on MN property under Minn. Stat. § 270C.63 until estate tax paid. File Form M22 with final M1/M2 for early income tax audit.
More InformationFile final income tax return26 USC 6012(b)(1)
A final federal income tax return is required for income earned from January 1 through the date of death.
Form: IRS Form 1040
Deadline: April 15 following year of death
File estate income tax returnNot required26 USC 6012(a)(4)
IRS Form 1041 is only required if the estate earns $600 in gross income or more during administration.
File estate tax returnNot required26 USC 6018; 26 USC 6075(a)
The estate value ($0) is below the federal exemption of $15,000,000. IRS Form 706 is generally not required.
File final income tax returnMinn. Stat. §§ 289A.08 subd. 2, 289A.18, 289A.38 subd. 12, 291.03, 270C.63Verified May 31, 2026
A final state return is required for income earned through the date of death.
Form: Form M1
Deadline: April 15 following year of death
File estate income tax returnNot requiredMinn. Stat. §§ 289A.08 subd. 2, 289A.18, 289A.38 subd. 12, 291.03, 270C.63Verified May 31, 2026
A fiduciary return is only required if the estate earns income above the filing threshold (Gross income of $600+ allocable to Minnesota, or nonresident alien beneficiary — Minn. Stat. § 289A.08 subd. 2).
File estate tax returnNot requiredMinn. Stat. § 291.03, § 291.016Verified May 31, 2026
The estate value ($0) is below Minnesota's exemption of $3,000,000.
This tool provides general information about tax filing requirements after death. Tax situations vary based on individual circumstances. Consult a licensed tax professional or CPA for advice specific to your situation.
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